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1394/8/11 0:0
Potential of groundwater contamination by tri- chloroethylene (TCE) and other volatile organic com- pounds VOCs near car industry was conducted in this study. TCE, PCE, toluene, xylene, dichloromethane, cyclohexane, n-hexane and n-pentane were detected in all groundwaters. Mean TCE levels in groundwater ranged from 124.37 to 1,035.9 lgL -1 with maximum level of 1,345.7 lgL -1. Due to the data obtained from conventional wastewater treatment in car factory the TCE removal efficiency was only 24 percent which necessitates the TCE removal by advanced treatment processes before the use of well water.
Groundwater contamination can be originated from differ- ent categories: natural processes, man disposal practices and industrial activities. The presence of hazardous chem- icals which may leak out of industrial wastewater areas to the groundwater resources is responsible for subsurface water contamination. This accident especially happens by the industries contributory negligence. Presence of VOCs in water is an important concern to all who use groundwater as a source for different uses. These materials such as chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) can enter the groundwater and endanger human health in a direct or indirect manner through the contamination of ground waters bodies. One of these CAHs that has been mainly used as a degreaser is TCE (An et al. 2004). TCE is a non- flammable, volatile and colorless liquid. The summary of TCE physical properties are presented in Table 1 (Gist and Burg 1995). Electronic and electrical, fabricated metal products and transport equipments are the main industries that use TCE in cold or vapor degreasing operations. TCE has many different uses such as extraction solvent, chemical intermediate and as a component in paints and coating, varnishes, paint strippers, adhesives, pesticide, lubricants and metal cleaners (ATSDR 1995). TCE is considered as probable Carcinogenic chemical to human based on limited evidence from studies in human and sufficient evidence in experimental animals (Warten- berg et al. 2000) and as well as many other adverse effects on human and animals (Gist and Burg 1995; Wartenberg et al. 2000; Michihiro et al. 2007; Windemuller and Ettema 1978). Water bodies also may be contaminated to TCE by different routes, and the main source of TCE release into water bodies is discharge of industrial wastewaters (Henschler et al. 1980)...
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تاریخ بروز رسانی:
6 امرداد 1398
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